NumPy gives Python dense, typed, multidimensional arrays. Fixed data types and contiguous storage cut memory overhead and move array operations out of slow Python loops.

Install it with pip:

pip install numpy

Start a Python session:

python

Import NumPy under its standard alias:

import numpy as np

Now the np namespace exposes NumPy's array constructors and operations.

NumPy Learn By Topics

Ideas for Next Steps

Data Science Libraries in Python

Idea for first project

Ideas for a beginner project

• Build a neural network in pure NumPy with vanilla gradient descent or SGD. Writing the backward pass by hand exposes backpropagation and update rules that TensorFlow, PyTorch, and Keras usually hide.

A note about Pandas

Pandas builds on NumPy and reuses many of its array conventions. Its data structures feed naturally into Matplotlib plots, SciPy analyses, and scikit-learn models.